Social Security way to poverty reduction
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51699/ajdes.v18i.522Keywords:
wealth distribution, income distribution, zakat, reformsAbstract
This review article analyses reduction of poverty by social security. Social security, or social protection, is defined as the set of policies and programmes designed to reduce and prevent poverty and vulnerability across the life cycle. Social protection includes nine main areas: child and family benefits, maternity protection, unemployment support, employment injury benefits, sickness benefits, health protection, old-age benefits, disability benefits and survivors’ benefits. Social protection systems address all these policy areas by a mix of contributory schemes and non-contributory tax-financed schemes.
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See in particular the Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination against Women (1979), Arts 11 and 14; the Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989), Arts 26 and 27; and the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (2006), Art. 28. See also UN (2008).
A social contract can be defined as an implicit agreement between all members of a society – whether defined in terms of government and citizens, labour and capital, or different population groups – to cooperate for their mutual benefit and respect each other’s rights and obligations (ILO 2016e).
Relevant instruments are compiled in ILO (2019f).
To date, Convention No. 102 has been ratified by 59 countries, most recently by Cabo Verde (2020), Benin (2019), Morocco (2019), the Russian Federation (2019), Argentina (2016), the Dominican Republic (2016), Ukraine (2016), Chad (2015), Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (2015) and Honduras (2012). ILO Recommendations are not open for ratification.
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